English: Cloze Test for IBPS Exam – Set 94 (RRB PO Mains Based)

Directions: In the passage given below there are 10 blanks. Every blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word is INAPPROPRIATE for the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if all the words in the options are appropriate and mark your answer as “All are correct”.

About 90% of the world’s fish stocks are being fished either to their limit or beyond it. Monitoring fish numbers_1_, though, is no easy matter. Official catch data are often incomplete and sometimes untrustworthy. Moreover, large tracts of the sea are not monitored at all. In order to know which species to conserve, and where, it would be handy to be able to establish fish numbers cheaply and reliably. Now, as they write in PLOS ONE, Philip Thomsen of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, in Copenhagen, and his colleagues think they have taken a step towards this goal.

Scientific surveys of deepwater fish are often carried out by_2_ the ocean bed. This means_3_ a net over a set distance and then _4_ it up to count the catch within. That, when due allowance is made for the size of the net’s mouth, yields a figure for the number of each fish species per square kilometre.

Every year a research vessel called Paamiut carries out surveys of this sort in the Davis Strait off south-west Greenland. This year it also had one of Dr Thomsen’s colleagues on board. At each of the 21 places Paamiut dropped her nets, he collected two litres of seawater from the bottom. The team’s aim was not to sample sea life directly, but rather to examine the fragments of floating DNA which fish slough off in slime or scales, or excrete into the water. They hoped they would be able to link the quantity of this “environmental” DNA to those species’ abundances, as measured by the trawl.

This they more or less did. Given the fragmentary nature of environmental DNA, they found it easier to recognise families than species (a family, in this context, is the taxonomic level above a genus; herring, sardines and shad, for example, all belong to the family Clupeidae). The_5_ picked up fish from 28 families. The team found DNA from members of 26 of these in their samples, and also detected three families that had no representatives entangled in Paamiut’s nets.

Both methods agreed that the most abundant individual species was the Greenland halibut (family Pleuronectidae, the “right-eye” flounders, which was also the most abundant family). Sebastidae, a group sometimes known _6_ as “rockfish”, were the second most abundant family according to the trawl data, and were ranked third by DNA. By contrast, DNA from Greenland sharks (family Somniosidae, pictured) ranked second by the DNA analysis, yet only one such shark was caught by the trawls. In this case, the portrait painted by DNA is probably the more accurate one. Greenland sharks are thought to excel at _7_ from nets and may be present in greater numbers than conventional surveys indicate.

Taken together, these results suggest Dr Thomsen’s technique has great potential for keeping track of fish populations. Overall, the correlation between DNA concentrations and catch size was too weak to infer one from the other. But, as the Greenland-shark data hint, it is quite likely that it is the trawls, rather than the DNA, which are out of _8_. Trawl nets cannot be dragged over ground that is too sandy or too rocky, so they may miss important habitats. And other fish than sharks may also be able to detect and evade them.

Dr Thomsen _9_ that there is some way to go before his technique would permit an accurate census of the world’s oceans. The temperature and salinity of seawater, which affect DNA’s stability, would have to be accounted for. And big fish may not, as might reasonably be expected, ooze proportionately more DNA into the water than small fish do. That could lead to underestimates in the population sizes of some whoppers. He would therefore like to conduct his experiment over a larger area and repeat the measurements several times over the course of a week or two. He would also like to sample the little-explored intermediate zones between the ocean’s bottom and its shallows._10_ to new depths, then—but in the best possible way.

  1. A) firmly
    B) certainly
    C) reliably
    D) erratically
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option D
    Explanation:
    reliably = in a consistently good or accurate way.
  2. A) dreding
    B) trawling
    C) freedom
    D) lugging
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option C
    Explanation:
    trawling = drag or trail (something) through water.
  3. A) pushing
    B) dragging
    C) trailing
    D) towing
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option A
    Explanation:
    towing = (of a person) pull along behind one.
  4. A) hauling
    B) pulling
    C) pushing
    D) carting
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option D
    Explanation:
    hauling = propel or pull oneself with difficulty.
  5. A) angles
    B) seines
    C) free
    D) trawls
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option C
    Explanation:
    trawls = an act of fishing with a trawl net or seine.
  6. A) daintly
    B) vulgarly
    C) boorishly
    D) basely
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option A
    Explanation:
    vulgar = characterized by ignorance of or lack of good breeding or taste: vulgar ostentation
  7. A) ducking
    B) engaging
    C) shunning
    D) escaping
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option B
    Explanation:
    escaping = elude or get free from (someone).
  8. A) skim
    B) whack
    C) cuff
    D) clout
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option A
    Explanation:
    whack = put or push (something) roughly or carelessly in a specified place or direction.
  9. A) accosts
    B) accredits
    C) abjures
    D) acknowledges
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option C
    Explanation:
    acknowledges = recognize the importance or quality of.
  10. A) declining
    B) sinking
    C) plummeting
    D) accruing
    E) All are correct
    View Answer
       Option D
    Explanation:
    sinking = descend from a higher to a lower position; drop downwards.

 

 

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9 Thoughts to “English: Cloze Test for IBPS Exam – Set 94 (RRB PO Mains Based)”

  1. Anonymous

    tyy..9/10 ..tyy

  2. Always smile

    answer not match with explantion…….?

      1. Always smile

        all like ans d
        explantion given for 3

  3. Jeevan

    voc aati to banawo nai to chup raho rona ata ab pattern dekh

  4. the walking dead

    7-10:)

  5. Divaker

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