English : Cloze Test for Upcoming Exams – Set 26

In the passage given below there are 10 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word will best suit the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”.

DOZENS of countries have (1)______ [termed] equal-opportunity laws and adopted UN resolutions on women’s empowerment. They recognise the moral case for sexual equality and are (2)______ [unaffected] by the economic one: educating and employing women boosts growth and tax revenue. In Latin America, for instance, eliminating sexual inequality in the labour market could boost GDP by 34%—or $2.6tn, according to the McKinsey Global Institute, a think tank. Yet closing gender gaps (3)_____ [persuades] more than non-discrimination policies. Some governments are now (4)______ [focusing] to gender budgeting. What is it and how does it help?

Gender budgeting is a way for governments to promote equality through fiscal policy. It involves analysing a budget’s differing impacts on men and women and allocating money accordingly, as well as setting targets—such as equal school enrolment for girls—and (5)_____ [following] funds to meet them. While feminist advocates have (6)_____ [adopted] to concentrate on laws and social policy, gender budgeting focuses on the national purse-strings. Finance ministries have traditionally (7)____ [served] gender as irrelevant to their work. But they are eager to target gender gaps when they understand the economic losses they carry.

For example, cutting welfare affects women disproportionately because they earn less to begin with and are more likely than men to be single parents. Similarly, slashing funding for public services such as child care, which is a common way to reduce public deficits, requires women to provide more unpaid labour at home, which in turn (8)_____ [highlights] their ability to participate in the labour force. In poorer countries, reduced funding for clean water or electricity can force girls and women to spend their days (9)_____ [fetching] water instead of going to school or work. 

Faced with these realities, governments have started to adopt gender budgeting. In South Korea it has led to funding for programmes that reduce women’s burden of caring after family, making it easier for them to join the workforce. In India and Rwanda, it has increased girls’ school attendance. In Austria it resulted in reform to reduce taxation on secondary earners, which had (10)_____ [supported] women’s labour force participation, and a reallocation of funds to combat domestic violence, which exacts huge costs in medical treatment and lost labour. Christine Lagarde, the head of the IMF, wants the fund to incorporate gender budgeting in the advice it gives. If countries are serious about sexual equality, considering gender when setting budgets is a good place to start.

  1. A) criticized
    B) passed
    C) transformed
    D) performed
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option B
    Explanation
    : As the next part says – adopted UN resolutions on women’s empowerment. Hence it is clear that the law for equal opportunity is passed.
  2. A) counsel
    B) stroke
    C) persuaded
    D) repelled
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option C
    Explanation
    : persuaded – convinced
  3. A) requires
    B) unfurls
    C) approves
    D) agrees
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option A
    Explanation
    : requires
  4. A) advance
    B) performing
    C) turning
    D) points
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option C
    Explanation
    : turning
  5. A) dominating
    B) directing
    C) leaving
    D) abandon
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option B
    Explanation
    : directing
  6. A) grow
    B) shielded
    C) tended
    D) watched
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option C
    Explanation
    : tended
  7. A) treated
    B) value
    C) handled
    D) leave
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option A
    Explanation
    : treated
  8. A) improves
    B) constrains
    C) widens
    D) brings
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option B
    Explanation
    : constrains
  9. A) buying
    B) observing
    C) seeing
    D) drinking
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option E
    Explanation
    : fetching
  10. A) helped
    B) performed
    C) taken
    D) impeded
    E) No change required
    View Answer
    Option D
    Explanation
    : impeded – prevent

 

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