Mock Test for SBI PO and NIACL Prelim Exams

Direction (41-45): Relationship between different elements is shown in the statements. Find if the conclusions also follow or not.

Statements: A > L ≥ N = I; T P

Direction (41-45): Relationship between different elements is shown in the statements. Find if the conclusions also follow or not.

Statements: Q > S ≤ B = M; A ≤ S > N; L < G = A Conclusions: I. Q < A II. G ≤ M

Directions (46-50): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Raghav is working in the Maharashtra state electricity distribution co ltd. as an assistant engineer. He is the incharge of the Lohegaon area. He is going to the inspection of the towers in those areas. Signals among eight towers- P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are transmitted in the following manner. P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are arranged in a straight line facing north but not necessarily in the same order. Q is placed third to the left of T. V is placed fifth to the right of Q but neither placed at any of the extreme ends. Two way transmissions is possible between P and Q, Q and S, S and U, R and P, T and R, T and V. U does not arrange at an extreme end. One way transmission is possible from R to Q, S to T and V to U. R and S towers are immediate neighbours of each other but neither of them is an immediate neighbor of tower V. Only one tower is placed between R and P, who is not an immediate neighbor of T

Which of the following pairs of towers signals can be transmitted between them in both ways i.e. from the first tower to second tower and vice versa, such that in each case the signal passes through all other towers exactly once?

Directions (46-50): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Raghav is working in the Maharashtra state electricity distribution co ltd. as an assistant engineer. He is the incharge of the Lohegaon area. He is going to the inspection of the towers in those areas. Signals among eight towers- P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are transmitted in the following manner. P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are arranged in a straight line facing north but not necessarily in the same order. Q is placed third to the left of T. V is placed fifth to the right of Q but neither placed at any of the extreme ends. Two way transmissions is possible between P and Q, Q and S, S and U, R and P, T and R, T and V. U does not arrange at an extreme end. One way transmission is possible from R to Q, S to T and V to U. R and S towers are immediate neighbours of each other but neither of them is an immediate neighbor of tower V. Only one tower is placed between R and P, who is not an immediate neighbor of T

In how different routes can the signal be transmitted from R to S and S to R through other towers exactly once?

Directions (46-50): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Raghav is working in the Maharashtra state electricity distribution co ltd. as an assistant engineer. He is the incharge of the Lohegaon area. He is going to the inspection of the towers in those areas. Signals among eight towers- P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are transmitted in the following manner. P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are arranged in a straight line facing north but not necessarily in the same order. Q is placed third to the left of T. V is placed fifth to the right of Q but neither placed at any of the extreme ends. Two way transmissions is possible between P and Q, Q and S, S and U, R and P, T and R, T and V. U does not arrange at an extreme end. One way transmission is possible from R to Q, S to T and V to U. R and S towers are immediate neighbours of each other but neither of them is an immediate neighbor of tower V. Only one tower is placed between R and P, who is not an immediate neighbor of T

Which of the following routes for transmission of signal is not possible, without passing through any towers more than once?

Directions (46-50): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Raghav is working in the Maharashtra state electricity distribution co ltd. as an assistant engineer. He is the incharge of the Lohegaon area. He is going to the inspection of the towers in those areas. Signals among eight towers- P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are transmitted in the following manner. P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are arranged in a straight line facing north but not necessarily in the same order. Q is placed third to the left of T. V is placed fifth to the right of Q but neither placed at any of the extreme ends. Two way transmissions is possible between P and Q, Q and S, S and U, R and P, T and R, T and V. U does not arrange at an extreme end. One way transmission is possible from R to Q, S to T and V to U. R and S towers are immediate neighbours of each other but neither of them is an immediate neighbor of tower V. Only one tower is placed between R and P, who is not an immediate neighbor of T

Four of the five are alike in a certain way, thus for a group. Find which doesn’t belong to the group?

Directions (46-50): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Raghav is working in the Maharashtra state electricity distribution co ltd. as an assistant engineer. He is the incharge of the Lohegaon area. He is going to the inspection of the towers in those areas. Signals among eight towers- P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are transmitted in the following manner. P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are arranged in a straight line facing north but not necessarily in the same order. Q is placed third to the left of T. V is placed fifth to the right of Q but neither placed at any of the extreme ends. Two way transmissions is possible between P and Q, Q and S, S and U, R and P, T and R, T and V. U does not arrange at an extreme end. One way transmission is possible from R to Q, S to T and V to U. R and S towers are immediate neighbours of each other but neither of them is an immediate neighbor of tower V. Only one tower is placed between R and P, who is not an immediate neighbor of T

Which of the following pairs of towers has maximum no. of routes of transmission (which can be possible without passing through any towers more than once)?

Directions (51-55): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

In Delhi Olympic, eight participants won different number of medals from 1 to 8 in no particular order. The eight participants are from three different countries– Brazil, Russia and China. The eight participants are Rahul, Yogesh, Virat, Sania, Nadal, Sindhu, Karun and Ussain, in no particular order. Three of them are from Russia, three are from Brazil and two are from China. The following information is known about them:

a. The participant who won only one medal does not belong to Brazil.
b. Nadal won lesser number of medals than Yogesh and Ussain.
c. The participant who won eight medals is not from Russia.
d. Sania is from Brazil.
e. Sindhu won lesser number of medals than both Rahul and Sania, but more number of medals when compared to both Ussain and Yogesh.
f. Karun is not from Russia.
g. Nadal who does not belong to Russia, didn’t win the least number of medals.
h. Rahul won more number of medals than Sania. Also, there is only one person who won the number of medals, which is between the number of medals won by Rahul and Sania.
i. Ussain, who is from Brazil didn’t win three medals.
j. If Karun belongs to China then the person winning 2 medals must be from Russia

Who has got 4 medals?

Directions (51-55): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

In Delhi Olympic, eight participants won different number of medals from 1 to 8 in no particular order. The eight participants are from three different countries– Brazil, Russia and China. The eight participants are Rahul, Yogesh, Virat, Sania, Nadal, Sindhu, Karun and Ussain, in no particular order. Three of them are from Russia, three are from Brazil and two are from China. The following information is known about them:

a. The participant who won only one medal does not belong to Brazil.
b. Nadal won lesser number of medals than Yogesh and Ussain.
c. The participant who won eight medals is not from Russia.
d. Sania is from Brazil.
e. Sindhu won lesser number of medals than both Rahul and Sania, but more number of medals when compared to both Ussain and Yogesh.
f. Karun is not from Russia.
g. Nadal who does not belong to Russia, didn’t win the least number of medals.
h. Rahul won more number of medals than Sania. Also, there is only one person who won the number of medals, which is between the number of medals won by Rahul and Sania.
i. Ussain, who is from Brazil didn’t win three medals.
j. If Karun belongs to China then the person winning 2 medals must be from Russia

Who among the following is not from Brazil?

Directions (51-55): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

In Delhi Olympic, eight participants won different number of medals from 1 to 8 in no particular order. The eight participants are from three different countries– Brazil, Russia and China. The eight participants are Rahul, Yogesh, Virat, Sania, Nadal, Sindhu, Karun and Ussain, in no particular order. Three of them are from Russia, three are from Brazil and two are from China. The following information is known about them:

a. The participant who won only one medal does not belong to Brazil.
b. Nadal won lesser number of medals than Yogesh and Ussain.
c. The participant who won eight medals is not from Russia.
d. Sania is from Brazil.
e. Sindhu won lesser number of medals than both Rahul and Sania, but more number of medals when compared to both Ussain and Yogesh.
f. Karun is not from Russia.
g. Nadal who does not belong to Russia, didn’t win the least number of medals.
h. Rahul won more number of medals than Sania. Also, there is only one person who won the number of medals, which is between the number of medals won by Rahul and Sania.
i. Ussain, who is from Brazil didn’t win three medals.
j. If Karun belongs to China then the person winning 2 medals must be from Russia

What is the difference between the number of medals Sania and Sindhu?

Directions (51-55): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

In Delhi Olympic, eight participants won different number of medals from 1 to 8 in no particular order. The eight participants are from three different countries– Brazil, Russia and China. The eight participants are Rahul, Yogesh, Virat, Sania, Nadal, Sindhu, Karun and Ussain, in no particular order. Three of them are from Russia, three are from Brazil and two are from China. The following information is known about them:

a. The participant who won only one medal does not belong to Brazil.
b. Nadal won lesser number of medals than Yogesh and Ussain.
c. The participant who won eight medals is not from Russia.
d. Sania is from Brazil.
e. Sindhu won lesser number of medals than both Rahul and Sania, but more number of medals when compared to both Ussain and Yogesh.
f. Karun is not from Russia.
g. Nadal who does not belong to Russia, didn’t win the least number of medals.
h. Rahul won more number of medals than Sania. Also, there is only one person who won the number of medals, which is between the number of medals won by Rahul and Sania.
i. Ussain, who is from Brazil didn’t win three medals.
j. If Karun belongs to China then the person winning 2 medals must be from Russia

Yogesh has won how many medals?

Directions (51-55): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

In Delhi Olympic, eight participants won different number of medals from 1 to 8 in no particular order. The eight participants are from three different countries– Brazil, Russia and China. The eight participants are Rahul, Yogesh, Virat, Sania, Nadal, Sindhu, Karun and Ussain, in no particular order. Three of them are from Russia, three are from Brazil and two are from China. The following information is known about them:

a. The participant who won only one medal does not belong to Brazil.
b. Nadal won lesser number of medals than Yogesh and Ussain.
c. The participant who won eight medals is not from Russia.
d. Sania is from Brazil.
e. Sindhu won lesser number of medals than both Rahul and Sania, but more number of medals when compared to both Ussain and Yogesh.
f. Karun is not from Russia.
g. Nadal who does not belong to Russia, didn’t win the least number of medals.
h. Rahul won more number of medals than Sania. Also, there is only one person who won the number of medals, which is between the number of medals won by Rahul and Sania.
i. Ussain, who is from Brazil didn’t win three medals.
j. If Karun belongs to China then the person winning 2 medals must be from Russia

Virat is from which country?

If all the letters of the word CATEGORY are arranged in alphabetical order from left to right, and then each consonant in the word changed to the next letter in the English alphabetical series and each vowel in the word changed to the previous letter in the English alphabetical series, then which of the following will be 4th from the right end?

Shweta started walking from apoint in North direction. After walking for 18 m, she took 2 consecutive left turns and walked 5 m after each turn. Next she took a left turn and after walking 5 m she stopped. Find her distance from the starting point?

Directions (58-59): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Point C is 10 m north of point A. Point K is exactly in the middle of the points C and A. Point P is 7 m east of point A. Point Q is 7 m east of point K. Point R is 6 m north of point Q.

What is the distance between points R and P?

Directions (58-59): Study the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Point C is 10 m north of point A. Point K is exactly in the middle of the points C and A. Point P is 7 m east of point A. Point Q is 7 m east of point K. Point R is 6 m north of point Q.

Point A is in which direction with respect to point P?

Directions (60-62):
A is son of B. F is daughter of C. A is brother of E. D is married to B. G is sister of D. A has only one child F. H is brother of E. B is paternal grandfather of K.

How is K related to E?

Directions (60-62):
A is son of B. F is daughter of C. A is brother of E. D is married to B. G is sister of D. A has only one child F. H is brother of E. B is paternal grandfather of K.

How is H related to G?

Directions (60-62):
A is son of B. F is daughter of C. A is brother of E. D is married to B. G is sister of D. A has only one child F. H is brother of E. B is paternal grandfather of K.

If T is married to E, how is she related to A?

Directions (63-64): Certain words and there codes are given not necessarily in the same order. You have to identify the codes for the words and answer the questions that follow.

“insert can come certain” is coded as 26  12  13  24
“certain you can go” is coded as        12  26  15  17
“certain insert am fired” is coded as   99  24  97  12
“fired you since then” is coded as   15  97   47  49

What is the code for “am” ?

Directions (63-64): Certain words and there codes are given not necessarily in the same order. You have to identify the codes for the words and answer the questions that follow.

“insert can come certain ” is coded as 26  12  13  24
“certain you can go” is coded as        12  26  15  17
“certain insert am fired” is coded as   99  24  97  12
“fired you since then” is coded as   15  97   47  49

How can be the code for “insert since fired”?

Directions (63-70): Read the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Eight friends – P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and X are sitting around a circular table but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them are facing towards the centre of table and rest outward. They like different colors, viz Black, Yellow, White and Blue. Two friends like same color.

R sits third to the left of X, who likes White, and both are facing the same direction. W sits on the immediate right of Q, who likes Black. R and Q are not facing the same direction but R is an immediate neighbor of T, who is fourth to the left of W. T and W both are facing opposite directions but like different colors.

Those who like Black color sit adjacent to each other but face opposite directions. The person, who like Yellow color sit opposite each other. The immediate neighbor of T are not facing outward. The one who likes White color is an immediate neighbor of the both persons who like Blue color. S and V are immediate neighbors of X. S is not facing the center and likes Blue color. The one who is on the immediate left of V is not facing the centre. V sits second to the right of R.

Who among the following sits on the immediate right of the person who likes Yellow color?

Directions (63-70): Read the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Eight friends – P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and X are sitting around a circular table but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them are facing towards the centre of table and rest outward. They like different colors, viz Black, Yellow, White and Blue. Two friends like same color.

R sits third to the left of X, who likes White, and both are facing the same direction. W sits on the immediate right of Q, who likes Black. R and Q are not facing the same direction but R is an immediate neighbor of T, who is fourth to the left of W. T and W both are facing opposite directions but like different colors.

Those who like Black color sit adjacent to each other but face opposite directions. The person, who like Yellow color sit opposite each other. The immediate neighbor of T are not facing outward. The one who likes White color is an immediate neighbor of the both persons who like Blue color. S and V are immediate neighbors of X. S is not facing the center and likes Blue color. The one who is on the immediate left of V is not facing the centre. V sits second to the right of R.

How many persons are facing outward?

Directions (63-70): Read the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Eight friends – P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and X are sitting around a circular table but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them are facing towards the centre of table and rest outward. They like different colors, viz Black, Yellow, White and Blue. Two friends like same color.

R sits third to the left of X, who likes White, and both are facing the same direction. W sits on the immediate right of Q, who likes Black. R and Q are not facing the same direction but R is an immediate neighbor of T, who is fourth to the left of W. T and W both are facing opposite directions but like different colors.

Those who like Black color sit adjacent to each other but face opposite directions. The person, who like Yellow color sit opposite each other. The immediate neighbor of T are not facing outward. The one who likes White color is an immediate neighbor of the both persons who like Blue color. S and V are immediate neighbors of X. S is not facing the center and likes Blue color. The one who is on the immediate left of V is not facing the centre. V sits second to the right of R.

P likes which of the following color?

Directions (63-70): Read the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Eight friends – P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and X are sitting around a circular table but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them are facing towards the centre of table and rest outward. They like different colors, viz Black, Yellow, White and Blue. Two friends like same color.

R sits third to the left of X, who likes White, and both are facing the same direction. W sits on the immediate right of Q, who likes Black. R and Q are not facing the same direction but R is an immediate neighbor of T, who is fourth to the left of W. T and W both are facing opposite directions but like different colors.

Those who like Black color sit adjacent to each other but face opposite directions. The person, who like Yellow color sit opposite each other. The immediate neighbor of T are not facing outward. The one who likes White color is an immediate neighbor of the both persons who like Blue color. S and V are immediate neighbors of X. S is not facing the center and likes Blue color. The one who is on the immediate left of V is not facing the centre. V sits second to the right of R.

Who among the following likes White color?

Directions (63-70): Read the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Eight friends – P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and X are sitting around a circular table but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them are facing towards the centre of table and rest outward. They like different colors, viz Black, Yellow, White and Blue. Two friends like same color.

R sits third to the left of X, who likes White, and both are facing the same direction. W sits on the immediate right of Q, who likes Black. R and Q are not facing the same direction but R is an immediate neighbor of T, who is fourth to the left of W. T and W both are facing opposite directions but like different colors.

Those who like Black color sit adjacent to each other but face opposite directions. The person, who like Yellow color sit opposite each other. The immediate neighbor of T are not facing outward. The one who likes White color is an immediate neighbor of the both persons who like Blue color. S and V are immediate neighbors of X. S is not facing the center and likes Blue color. The one who is on the immediate left of V is not facing the centre. V sits second to the right of R.

If S and V interchange their places then who among the following is on the immediate left of W?

Directions (63-70): Read the following carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Eight friends – P, Q, R, S, T, V, W and X are sitting around a circular table but not necessarily in the same order. Some of them are facing towards the centre of table and rest outward. They like different colors, viz Black, Yellow, White and Blue. Two friends like same color.

R sits third to the left of X, who likes White, and both are facing the same direction. W sits on the immediate right of Q, who likes Black. R and Q are not facing the same direction but R is an immediate neighbor of T, who is fourth to the left of W. T and W both are facing opposite directions but like different colors.

Those who like Black color sit adjacent to each other but face opposite directions. The person, who like Yellow color sit opposite each other. The immediate neighbor of T are not facing outward. The one who likes White color is an immediate neighbor of the both persons who like Blue color. S and V are immediate neighbors of X. S is not facing the center and likes Blue color. The one who is on the immediate left of V is not facing the centre. V sits second to the right of R.

V likes which of the following color?

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: Which of the following is the principal topic of the passage?

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: The author uses “labor market problems” in the beginning of the passage to refer to which of the following?

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: The author contrasts the 1930’s with the present in order to show that

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: Which of the following proposals best responds to the issues raised by the author?

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: The author’s purpose in citing those who are repeatedly unemployed during a twelve-month period is most probably to show that

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: The author states that the mitigating effect of social programs involving income transfers on the income level of low-income people is often not felt by

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: According to the passage, one factor that causes unemployment and earnings figures to overpredict the amount of economic hardship is the

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: Which of the following, if true, is the best criticism of the author’s argument concerning why poverty statistics cannot properly be used to show the effects of problems in the labour market?

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: Choose the word which means SIMILAR to:  CONTENTIOUS

Direction (71-80): Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

Question: Choose the word which means OPPOSITE to: SUBSISTENCE

Direction (81-85) Rearrange the given sentences to form a meaningful passage and answer the questions that follows.

(A) Even the Paris Declaration of December 2015 (COP21) has emphasised the same as the Paris Summit underlined the necessity to “promote universal access to sustainable energy in developing countries… through the enhanced deployment of renewable energy”.

(B) This question has been repeatedly raised over the years because of the growing demand for renewable energy (RE) in different parts of the world.

(C) The key questions are: How far is RE going to address world’s energy need? And what kind of geopolitical structure is going to emerge? To what extent the transition from conventional energy to RE will be a smoother one or will have its own ramifications on global geopolitics?

(D) Though the Paris Communiqué made a concrete effort to address the issues relating to energy security and the same has also been ratified by many countries, the question of full transition to renewable energy raises many questions.

(E) Along with this, a transition is taking place in the domain of energy security also where it has been argued that RE is the best bait for ensuring sustainable security.

(F) A perplexing question confronting both the energy policymakers as well as academics is whether the world is entering into a “post-oil” phenomenon.

Question: Which of the following is the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?

Direction (81-85) Rearrange the given sentences to form a meaningful passage and answer the questions that follows.

(A) Even the Paris Declaration of December 2015 (COP21) has emphasised the same as the Paris Summit underlined the necessity to “promote universal access to sustainable energy in developing countries… through the enhanced deployment of renewable energy”.

(B) This question has been repeatedly raised over the years because of the growing demand for renewable energy (RE) in different parts of the world.

(C) The key questions are: How far is RE going to address world’s energy need? And what kind of geopolitical structure is going to emerge? To what extent the transition from conventional energy to RE will be a smoother one or will have its own ramifications on global geopolitics?

(D) Though the Paris Communiqué made a concrete effort to address the issues relating to energy security and the same has also been ratified by many countries, the question of full transition to renewable energy raises many questions.

(E) Along with this, a transition is taking place in the domain of energy security also where it has been argued that RE is the best bait for ensuring sustainable security.

(F) A perplexing question confronting both the energy policymakers as well as academics is whether the world is entering into a “post-oil” phenomenon.

Question: Which of the following is the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement?

Direction (81-85) Rearrange the given sentences to form a meaningful passage and answer the questions that follows.

(A) Even the Paris Declaration of December 2015 (COP21) has emphasised the same as the Paris Summit underlined the necessity to “promote universal access to sustainable energy in developing countries… through the enhanced deployment of renewable energy”.

(B) This question has been repeatedly raised over the years because of the growing demand for renewable energy (RE) in different parts of the world.

(C) The key questions are: How far is RE going to address world’s energy need? And what kind of geopolitical structure is going to emerge? To what extent the transition from conventional energy to RE will be a smoother one or will have its own ramifications on global geopolitics?

(D) Though the Paris Communiqué made a concrete effort to address the issues relating to energy security and the same has also been ratified by many countries, the question of full transition to renewable energy raises many questions.

(E) Along with this, a transition is taking place in the domain of energy security also where it has been argued that RE is the best bait for ensuring sustainable security.

(F) A perplexing question confronting both the energy policymakers as well as academics is whether the world is entering into a “post-oil” phenomenon.

Question: Which of the following is the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?

Direction (81-85) Rearrange the given sentences to form a meaningful passage and answer the questions that follows.

(A) Even the Paris Declaration of December 2015 (COP21) has emphasised the same as the Paris Summit underlined the necessity to “promote universal access to sustainable energy in developing countries… through the enhanced deployment of renewable energy”.

(B) This question has been repeatedly raised over the years because of the growing demand for renewable energy (RE) in different parts of the world.

(C) The key questions are: How far is RE going to address world’s energy need? And what kind of geopolitical structure is going to emerge? To what extent the transition from conventional energy to RE will be a smoother one or will have its own ramifications on global geopolitics?

(D) Though the Paris Communiqué made a concrete effort to address the issues relating to energy security and the same has also been ratified by many countries, the question of full transition to renewable energy raises many questions.

(E) Along with this, a transition is taking place in the domain of energy security also where it has been argued that RE is the best bait for ensuring sustainable security.

(F) A perplexing question confronting both the energy policymakers as well as academics is whether the world is entering into a “post-oil” phenomenon.

Question: Which of the following is the LAST (SIXTH) sentence after rearrangement?

Direction (81-85) Rearrange the given sentences to form a meaningful passage and answer the questions that follows.

(A) Even the Paris Declaration of December 2015 (COP21) has emphasised the same as the Paris Summit underlined the necessity to “promote universal access to sustainable energy in developing countries… through the enhanced deployment of renewable energy”.

(B) This question has been repeatedly raised over the years because of the growing demand for renewable energy (RE) in different parts of the world.

(C) The key questions are: How far is RE going to address world’s energy need? And what kind of geopolitical structure is going to emerge? To what extent the transition from conventional energy to RE will be a smoother one or will have its own ramifications on global geopolitics?

(D) Though the Paris Communiqué made a concrete effort to address the issues relating to energy security and the same has also been ratified by many countries, the question of full transition to renewable energy raises many questions.

(E) Along with this, a transition is taking place in the domain of energy security also where it has been argued that RE is the best bait for ensuring sustainable security.

(F) A perplexing question confronting both the energy policymakers as well as academics is whether the world is entering into a “post-oil” phenomenon.

Question: Which of the following is the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?

Direction (86-90): In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word will best suit the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”.

The Government’s decision to make Aadhaar, a unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India, compulsory for the filing of income tax returns and also for the (86)___________ [purchase] of Permanent Account Number (PAN) card, is a pragmatic decision and must be viewed as a reform aimed to bring more (87)____________ [opaqueness] into the system of tax collection in the country. Additionally, the linking of Aadhaar will not only make tax evaders (88)__________ [unreliable] , but will also help curb black money. This move was all the more desirable to bring the people back to the tax net. As it is, there had been unscrupulous people who had devised ways and means to evade tax payment. On the one hand there was one lot of people that had been holding not just one but five PAN cards, which made the detection of evasion difficult. On the other, there were others, who were so far-sighted that they sent their money to offshore countries. While for the tax evaders, particularly the elite, tax evasion remained a lucrative business, it was the Government which had to bear the(89)________ [brunt] . Simply put, tax evasion or tax fraud refers to a situation where the sum of money that the Government out to have received from the citizens as income tax, in lieu of the services offered, does not reach the Government as desired. This in turn costs the economy severely as it (90)________ [assists] the potential of the Government to fulfill basic fundamental rights such as right to education, housing and a decent standard of living. Moreover, it makes no sense that we have multiple identity cards like a PAN card, an ID card etc. Aadhaar now has a pan-India presence. Hence, the Finance Minister made sense when he said that Aadhaar may become the only card in future.

Which word should come in place of (86)?

Direction (86-90): In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word will best suit the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”.

The Government’s decision to make Aadhaar, a unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India, compulsory for the filing of income tax returns and also for the (86)___________ [purchase] of Permanent Account Number (PAN) card, is a pragmatic decision and must be viewed as a reform aimed to bring more (87)____________ [opaqueness] into the system of tax collection in the country. Additionally, the linking of Aadhaar will not only make tax evaders (88)__________ [unreliable] , but will also help curb black money. This move was all the more desirable to bring the people back to the tax net. As it is, there had been unscrupulous people who had devised ways and means to evade tax payment. On the one hand there was one lot of people that had been holding not just one but five PAN cards, which made the detection of evasion difficult. On the other, there were others, who were so far-sighted that they sent their money to offshore countries. While for the tax evaders, particularly the elite, tax evasion remained a lucrative business, it was the Government which had to bear the(89)________ [brunt] . Simply put, tax evasion or tax fraud refers to a situation where the sum of money that the Government out to have received from the citizens as income tax, in lieu of the services offered, does not reach the Government as desired. This in turn costs the economy severely as it (90)________ [assists] the potential of the Government to fulfill basic fundamental rights such as right to education, housing and a decent standard of living. Moreover, it makes no sense that we have multiple identity cards like a PAN card, an ID card etc. Aadhaar now has a pan-India presence. Hence, the Finance Minister made sense when he said that Aadhaar may become the only card in future.

Which word should come in place of (87)?

Direction (86-90): In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word will best suit the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”.

The Government’s decision to make Aadhaar, a unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India, compulsory for the filing of income tax returns and also for the (86)___________ [purchase] of Permanent Account Number (PAN) card, is a pragmatic decision and must be viewed as a reform aimed to bring more (87)____________ [opaqueness] into the system of tax collection in the country. Additionally, the linking of Aadhaar will not only make tax evaders (88)__________ [unreliable] , but will also help curb black money. This move was all the more desirable to bring the people back to the tax net. As it is, there had been unscrupulous people who had devised ways and means to evade tax payment. On the one hand there was one lot of people that had been holding not just one but five PAN cards, which made the detection of evasion difficult. On the other, there were others, who were so far-sighted that they sent their money to offshore countries. While for the tax evaders, particularly the elite, tax evasion remained a lucrative business, it was the Government which had to bear the(89)________ [brunt] . Simply put, tax evasion or tax fraud refers to a situation where the sum of money that the Government out to have received from the citizens as income tax, in lieu of the services offered, does not reach the Government as desired. This in turn costs the economy severely as it (90)________ [assists] the potential of the Government to fulfill basic fundamental rights such as right to education, housing and a decent standard of living. Moreover, it makes no sense that we have multiple identity cards like a PAN card, an ID card etc. Aadhaar now has a pan-India presence. Hence, the Finance Minister made sense when he said that Aadhaar may become the only card in future.

Which word should come in place of (88)?

Direction (86-90): In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word will best suit the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”.

The Government’s decision to make Aadhaar, a unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India, compulsory for the filing of income tax returns and also for the (86)___________ [purchase] of Permanent Account Number (PAN) card, is a pragmatic decision and must be viewed as a reform aimed to bring more (87)____________ [opaqueness] into the system of tax collection in the country. Additionally, the linking of Aadhaar will not only make tax evaders (88)__________ [unreliable] , but will also help curb black money. This move was all the more desirable to bring the people back to the tax net. As it is, there had been unscrupulous people who had devised ways and means to evade tax payment. On the one hand there was one lot of people that had been holding not just one but five PAN cards, which made the detection of evasion difficult. On the other, there were others, who were so far-sighted that they sent their money to offshore countries. While for the tax evaders, particularly the elite, tax evasion remained a lucrative business, it was the Government which had to bear the(89)________ [brunt] . Simply put, tax evasion or tax fraud refers to a situation where the sum of money that the Government out to have received from the citizens as income tax, in lieu of the services offered, does not reach the Government as desired. This in turn costs the economy severely as it (90)________ [assists] the potential of the Government to fulfill basic fundamental rights such as right to education, housing and a decent standard of living. Moreover, it makes no sense that we have multiple identity cards like a PAN card, an ID card etc. Aadhaar now has a pan-India presence. Hence, the Finance Minister made sense when he said that Aadhaar may become the only card in future.

Which word should come in place of (89)?

Direction (86-90): In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell which word will best suit the respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”.

The Government’s decision to make Aadhaar, a unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India, compulsory for the filing of income tax returns and also for the (86)___________ [purchase] of Permanent Account Number (PAN) card, is a pragmatic decision and must be viewed as a reform aimed to bring more (87)____________ [opaqueness] into the system of tax collection in the country. Additionally, the linking of Aadhaar will not only make tax evaders (88)__________ [unreliable] , but will also help curb black money. This move was all the more desirable to bring the people back to the tax net. As it is, there had been unscrupulous people who had devised ways and means to evade tax payment. On the one hand there was one lot of people that had been holding not just one but five PAN cards, which made the detection of evasion difficult. On the other, there were others, who were so far-sighted that they sent their money to offshore countries. While for the tax evaders, particularly the elite, tax evasion remained a lucrative business, it was the Government which had to bear the(89)________ [brunt] . Simply put, tax evasion or tax fraud refers to a situation where the sum of money that the Government out to have received from the citizens as income tax, in lieu of the services offered, does not reach the Government as desired. This in turn costs the economy severely as it (90)________ [assists] the potential of the Government to fulfill basic fundamental rights such as right to education, housing and a decent standard of living. Moreover, it makes no sense that we have multiple identity cards like a PAN card, an ID card etc. Aadhaar now has a pan-India presence. Hence, the Finance Minister made sense when he said that Aadhaar may become the only card in future.

Which word should come in place of (90)?

Direction (91-95): Identify which part of the sentence contains error ans mark it as your answer.

A 24-year-old final year MBBS student (1)/ helped a woman gave birth to a baby boy (2)/ on-board the Ahmedabad-Puri Express with instructions (3)/ from his seniors through WhatsApp. (4)

Direction (91-95): Identify which part of the sentence contains error ans mark it as your answer.

The clearance for construction of a house (1)/ in Uttar Pradesh will be given (2)/ only if there is a provision of (3)/ rainwater harvesting facility in the map. (4)

Direction (91-95): Identify which part of the sentence contains error ans mark it as your answer.

The district headquarters town of Bhadrak, (1)/ about 114 km from Bhubaneswar, simmering in communal flare (2)/ on Thursday and Friday following offensive posting (3)/ of remarks on Hindu deities on Facebook. (4)

Direction (91-95): Identify which part of the sentence contains error ans mark it as your answer.

Delhi-NCR could soon dislodge (1)/ Mumbai from the top slot (2)/ it has enjoyed for decades (3)/ from the advertising business. (4)

Direction (91-95): Identify which part of the sentence contains error ans mark it as your answer.

Government investigators looking into (1)/ how Google pays its employees (2)/ accused the tech giant of shortcharging women (3)/ doing similar work to men. (4)

Direction (96-100): In the question below three blanks are given. You have to fill these blanks with the most suitable option so that the statement forms a meaningful sentence.

Architects play a key role in determining the _______ of a project. They must, therefore, utilise technology to enhance their designs instead of letting technologies ______ their designs. A right combination of passive and active design ______ will minimise resource use.

Direction (96-100): In the question below three blanks are given. You have to fill these blanks with the most suitable option so that the statement forms a meaningful sentence.

The recent ____ by Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina ______ to stress the importance _______ to a neighbourhood policy in the Modi administration’s foreign policy.

Direction (96-100): In the question below three blanks are given. You have to fill these blanks with the most suitable option so that the statement forms a meaningful sentence.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s pet project to ______ mobile connectivity in more than 4,000 villages of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam has been significantly ______ due to constant ______ by one of the bidders — Vihan Networks Limited (VNL), a Gurugram-based company.

Direction (96-100): In the question below three blanks are given. You have to fill these blanks with the most suitable option so that the statement forms a meaningful sentence.

A candidate willing to ________ polls in future will have to mandatorily declare whether s/he is holding any office of profit under the Central Government or State Governments, whether s/he has been _______ under office of profit by the President of India, whether s/he was dismissed for corruption or for disloyalty while holding office under the Central Government or State Governments, and whether s/he is under ______ or adherence to any foreign country.

Direction (96-100): In the question below three blanks are given. You have to fill these blanks with the most suitable option so that the statement forms a meaningful sentence.

If you have been ______  whether it is better to eat or fast before a ______ , researchers now have an answer. A new study has found that ________ on empty stomach is better for your health in the long term.