Directions(1-7)): Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
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China has launched its first X-ray space telescope, aimed at studying black holes, pulsars, and gamma ray bursts, state media reported. The launch is expected to bring “new (breakthroughs) in physics,” according to the project’s lead scientist. The 2.5-tonne Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), named ‘Insight,’ was launched on Thursday morning from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China’s Gobi desert, Xinhua reported. It was delivered into orbit, 550km (341 miles) above the Earth, by the Long March-4B rocket. Chinese scientists say Insight will allow them to observe magnetic fields and the interiors of pulsars and better understand the evolution of black holes, AFP reported. Specifically, Insight will seek out new black hole activity by searching the Milky Way for celestial bodies that emit X-rays. Although black holes are usually undetectable, scientists are able to study the X-rays emitted when matter falls into a black hole and is accelerated and heated, lead scientist Zhang Shuangnan said, as quoted by Xinhua. According to Zhang, Insight is more capable of finding black holes and neutron stars that emit bright X-rays than other countries’ space telescopes, because it has a larger detection area and a broader energy range which makes it easier to scan the galaxy. And although very bright objects can typically result in image over-exposure due to a large number of photon particles, Insight’s designers have managed to avoid that problem by diffusing photons. “No matter how bright the sources are, our telescope won’t be blinded,” chief designer Chen Yong said. The telescope will also help scientists search for gamma-ray bursts related to gravitational waves, and study how pulsars can be utilized for spacecraft navigation. “We are looking forward to discovering new activities of black holes and studying the state of neutron stars under extreme gravity and density conditions, and physical laws under extreme magnetic fields”, Zhang Shuangnan said. “These studies are expected to bring new breakthroughs in physics,” he added. The Thursday launch is the latest achievement from China’s ambitious multibillion-dollar space program. The country successfully (docked) its first cargo spacecraft with an orbiting space lab in April, a move seen as a major step towards its goal of having its own crewed space station by 2022.Last month,
China launched a simulated ‘space cabin,’ allowing scientists to better understand what will be required for humans to live on the moon for extended periods of time. Beijing aims to send a probe to the dark side of the moon by 2021 and to put astronauts on the moon by 2036.According to the passage, why is the Chinese invention of the X-ray space telescope considered to be a telescope?
I. Because it is not vulnerable to the photons that usually destroy telescopes.
II. At is able to record certain facts about the moon which no one has been able to record till now.
III. Because it is able to study black holes which has not been possible till now.
IV. As its physical characteristics are ten times better than the telescopes created by other countries.Only IOnly IIOnly IIIBoth I and IIBoth III and IVOption C
The speciality of the telescope is its ability to record facts about black holes. This is something which has not been made possible by other telescopes before this. - According to the passage, why is it impossible to record facts about black holes?
I. Black holes do not have any special characteristic that can be recorded by any telescope
II. Black holes are not permanently present in any place
III. Black holes are present at such distances that cannot be achieved by any telescopeOnly IOnly IIOnly IIIBoth I and IIBoth II and IIIOption A
It can be inferred from the passage that black holes are undetectable as they do not have any special characteristic that can be recorded by any telescope. - Which of the following can be inferred about telescopes in general from the passage?
Telescopes fail to work in strong magnetic fields.Telescopes usually get blinded when there are excessive photons present.Telescopes usually diffuse excessive light thereby failing to record any information.Telescopes usually record gamma-ray bursts related to gravitational waves.Telescopes often change their places in the space which hinder certain activities.Option B
According to the passage, the speciality of Insight is its ability to diffuse photons and avoid itself from getting blinded. Thus it can be inferred that generally telescopes get blinded due to the presence of excessive photons. - According to the passage, what is the other utility of X-ray space telescope?
I. Spacecraft navigation through magnetic waves
II. Studying magnetic fields in depth
III. Studying spacecraft navigation possibilities using pulsars
IV. Dislocating neutron stars and identifying black holesOnly IBoth I and IIOnly IIIOnly IVBoth III and IVOption C
It is mentioned in the passage, ‘The telescope will also help scientists search for gamma-ray bursts related to gravitational waves, and study how pulsars can be utilized for spacecraft navigation’. - What can be inferred about China’s steps in advancement in space technology?
It has been able to achieve success after years of hard work.China has ventured into projects which are impractical.China is fully dependent on resources of USA to drive its researches in space technology.China has been doing well in the discoveries related to space technology but it needs to choose the future projects with more intelligence and sense.China has done great in the field of space technology and the future projects are also well aligned with the growth ambitions.Option E
It is clear from the passage that China has been doing great in the field of researches related to space technology . The projects mentioned in the last part also show how ambitiously China wants to scale up in this domain and to what extent the plans are capable of changing the world. - What does the author mean by the term ‘a breakthrough’, as used in the passage?
SurpriseA benefitA turnAn advancementA reportOption D
The phrase ‘breakthrough’ means ‘a development’ or ‘an advancement’. - Which of the following has an opposite meaning to that of ‘docked’ as used in the passage?
CreatedDestroyedReceivedLeftTurnedOption D
The word ‘docked’ means ‘(of a spacecraft) join with a space station or another spacecraft in space’. -
(A) GM and organic are widely regarded as being at opposite ends of the farming spectrum.
(B) But look beyond these crude stereotypes, and it turns out that the two camps have things in common; their goals are the same, if not the means.
(C) For many years’ advocates of agricultural, biotechnology, notably, genetically-modified (GM) crops have been at loggerheads with proponents of organic farming.
(D) Both camps are looking for new techniques to produce food sustainably, in other words, methods that minimize environment impact, maximize farmer’s welfare, can cope with climate change and can be scaled across the developing world.
(E) The former is usually characterized as high-tech, dominated by large seed companies and favouring large scale industrial farming, the latter is seen as more traditional less dominated by corporate interests and favouring small farms.
(F) Maximizing yields while minimizing the use of expensive or dangerous chemicals is the goal of both organic farming and much GM research.Which of the following will be the SECOND sentence of the paragraph?
BCDAEOption D
The proper sequence of the sentences would be CAEBFD. - Which of the following will be the LAST sentence of the paragraph?
FDCBEOption B
The proper sequence of the sentences would be CAEBFD. - Which of the following will be the THIRD sentence of the paragraph?
ECBDFOption A
The proper sequence of the sentences would be CAEBFD.
Directions(8-10): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph, then answer the questions that follow.
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