Directions(1-10):Read the passage given below and then answer the questions given below the passage. Some words may be highlighted for your attention. Read carefully.
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As India entered the 21st century, the Net National Income of the average Indian was ₹20,000. While this figure is not the actual earnings of an individual, it is a good proxy for the average Indian’s annual income. By 2015, it had grown to ₹90,000. Had it continued on the same trajectory, it should have been ₹1,65,000 today. Instead, as the recent Economic Survey shows, the Net National Income for the average Indian is ₹1,35,000. In other words, the average Indian has potentially lost ₹30,000 in net annual income. For most Indians, ₹30,000 a year is a very big amount. This is the cost of economic under performance for the average Indian.
It is well accepted by most political economists that India’s economic performance is largely shaped by the ‘POW’ trinity — politics, oil and world economy. Political leadership and stability are critical determinants of domestic and foreign investment in India. Global oil prices play an inordinately large role in shaping India’s macro economy. World trade and global GDP drive India’s exports and industry. In 2014, India gleamed with hope. For the first time in nearly half a century, the ‘POW’ trinity was perfectly aligned. Indians handed a parliamentary majority to a supposedly strong, decisive leader with a promise of economic development. Beginning in 2014, global crude oil prices dropped precipitously from more than $100 a barrel to $40. It was estimated then that the steep fall in oil prices alone would add two extra percentage points to India’s GDP growth rate, besides taming inflation. The global economy was also on an upward trend from 2014, recovering robustly from the devastation of the 2008 economic crisis. The period from 2014 to 2019 was among the best five years for world economic growth in the 21st century. So,in the summer of 2014, a billion Indians
glimmered in hope and excitement at the prospect of rapidly rising income levels and prosperity under a perfectly aligned ‘POW’.Six years later, not only has the average Indian’s income levels not grown faster than before, it is actually ₹30,000 short of what it should have been. Why did things go so wrong? The ongoing health catastrophe caused by the novel coronavirus in Hubei province of China offers meaningful parallels and lessons for India’s economic policy climate.Which among the following should be the correct meaning of the prepositional phrase ‘gleamed with’?
to be filled with sorrowto be unsureto sparkle or shine with somethingto be excitedNone of the aboveOption C
‘Gleamed with’ is a prepositional phrase that means to sparkle or shine with something. - Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage?
DogmaticAccusativeBiasedSpeculativeIntrospectiveOption D
Here, the writer is an expert and after examining all the facts and figures, he is asking questions. What has gone wrong? and what should be done?
Rest of the tone doesn’t fit the context, their meanings are given below.
Dogmatic: Asserting opinions in an arrogant manner; dictatorial.
Sarcastic: Harsh, bitter derision; taunting.
Introspective: Consider one’s own internal state of feelings.
Biased: Favouring one thing/person/group over another for personal reasons.
Hence,Option D is the most suitable answer. - Among the given options, what could be the central idea of the passage?
The global economy was on an downward trend from 2014the Indian economy is not showing the expected growth.Indian economy is boomingIndia has the largest economythe average Indian has potentially lost ₹30,000 in net annual income.Option B
- Select the appropriate antonym of the word ‘glimmer’ given in the passage.
FlameFlashSparkleDullGlowOption D
Glimmered means to give off a subdued unsteady reflection, to shine faintly or unsteadily, flame flash and sparkle they all are synonymous to glimmer.So the correctantonym will be dull ( something which doesn’t shine). - Select the correct synonym of the word ‘precipitously’ given in the passage.
AbruptlyDisturbedViolentPonderSlowlyOption A
Precipitously means very steep, perpendicular, or overhanging in rising or fall or something very abrupt.
Disturbed- showing symptoms of emotional illness.
Violent- marked by the use of usually harmful or destructive physical force.
Ponder- to think about: reflect on
Hence, Option A is the correct answer - Which among the following statements can be inferred as per the given passage?
For most Indians, ₹60,000 a year is a very big amount.Beginning in 2017, global crude oil prices dropped precipitously from more than $100 a barrel to $40.Political leadership and instability are critical determinants of domestic and foreign investment in IndiaThe global economy was also on an upward trend from 2014, recovering robustly from the devastation of the 2008 economic crisis.None of the aboveOption D
The global economy was also on an upward trend from 2014, recovering robustly from the devastation of the 2008 economic crisis. – is the correct option.
Option A is incorrect because of wrong amount, correct amount is 30,000.
Option B is incorrect because of wrong year,2014 is the correct year.
Option C is incorrect because of ‘instability’, it should be stability. - What drive India’s exports and Industry?
Trade and Export GDP drive India’s exports and industryDemand and Supply GDP drive India’s exports and industryWorld trade and global GDP drive India’s exports and industryImport and Export GDP drive India’s exports and industryNone of the aboveOption C
After reading the passage one can easily determine the answer, look at the lines given below from the passage –
World trade and global GDP drive India’s exports and industry. In 2014, India gleamed with hope. For the first time in nearly half a century, the ‘POW’ trinity wasperfectly aligned. Indians handed a parliamentary majority to a supposedly strong, decisive leader with a promise of economic development. - Which among the following statements is true as per the passage given above?
India has the largest economy.Indian economy is boomingThe period from 2014 to 2019 was among the best five years for world economic growth in the 21st centuryThe global economy was also on an downward trend from 2014None of the aboveOption C
After reading the above passage it is quite evident from the lines given below –
The global economy was also on an upward trend from 2014, recovering robustly from the devastation of the 2008 economic crisis. The period from 2014 to 2019 wasamong the best five years for world economic growth in the 21st century. - What are the factors that shape India’s economic performance according to political economist ?
shaped by the ‘POW’ trinity — politics, oil and worldIncome and ExpenditureRich and PoorGDP and GNPNone of the aboveOption A
After reading the above passage it is quite evident from the lines given below –
It is well accepted by most political economists that India’s economic performance is largely shaped by the ‘POW’ trinity — politics, oil and world economy. - What should have been the Net National Income of the average Indian today?
100000165000200000120000None of the aboveOption B
After reading the passage it is quite evident from the lines given below –
it is a good proxy for the average Indian’s annual income. By 2015, it had grown to ₹90,000. Had it continued on the same trajectory, it should have been ₹1,65,000 today.
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