New pattern English Questions: Sentence Fillers & Odd Words

This set contains important New Pattern English Questions for SBI PO, IBPS PO Clerk, NIACL  and other upcoming exams. New Pattern English Questions on Sentence Fillers and Odd Words. New Pattern English Questions Sentence Fillers SBI PO, IBPS PO, RRB PO, Clerk, etc.

Direction (1-5): In each of the following questions a short passage is given with one of the lines in the passage missing and represented by a blank. Select the best out of the five answer choices given, to make the passage complete and coherent.

1. Over the decades, the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has continued to grow in importance and significance. It has been the subject of considerable debate, commentary, theory building and research. In spite of the ongoing deliberations as to what it means and what it embraces, it has developed and evolved in both academic as well as practitioner communities worldwide. (________________________________). For all practical purposes, however, it is largely a post-World War II phenomenon and actually did not surge in importance until the 1960s and beyond. Therefore, it is largely a product of the past half century.
   
   A) In short, this refers to the arguments or rationales supporting or documenting why the business community should accept and advance the CSR ‘cause’.
   
   B) Our goal will be to describe and summarize what the business case means and to review some of the literature and practice that has come to characterize this developing concept.
   
   C) At the same time, the concept of corporate social performance (CSP) has become an established umbrella term which embraces both the descriptive and normative aspects of the field, as well as placing an emphasis on all that firms are achieving or accomplishing in the realm of social responsibility policies, practices and results.
   
   D) The idea that business enterprises have some responsibilities to society beyond that of making profits for the shareholders has been around for centuries
   
   E) Thus, the foundation for CSR was being developed by a quickly changing social environment and pressures from others, especially activists, to adopt CSR perspectives, attitudes, practices and policies.
   
   
   View Answer

   Option D
   Explanation: The sentence just after the blank says that CSR however for practical purpose is a product of past half century, the word however indicates that the previous sentence is related to the same theme of time from which CSR is in use. Option D) is based on the same theme that it has been around for centuries.
2. Today, one cannot pick up a newspaper, magazine or journal without encountering some discussion of the issue, some recent or innovative example of what business is thinking or doing about CSR, or some new conference that is being held. Specific journals, news magazines, books, dictionaries, encyclopedias, websites, discussion lists and blogs treat the concept on a regular basis. (__________________________________). Business for Social Responsibility (BSR), for example, is a business association founded in 1992 to provide corporations with expertise on the subject and an opportunity for business executives to advance the field and learn from one another.
   
   A) As the 1960s transitioned into the 1970s and beyond, the particular emphasis in the CSR concept evolved primarily through the academic contributions in the literature and the slowly emerging realities of business practice.
   B) The business community has formed its own organizations specializing in the topic
   
   C) Social responsibility was driven primarily by external, socially conscious motivations, and businesses were not looking for anything specific in return.
   
   D) One could well argue that the search for the business case for CSR began and came-of-age during this decade, especially for academic researchers.
   
   E) Though CSR continued its quest to find business legitimacy, the emergence and preoccupation with business ethics obscured the continued growth and development of the social responsibility theme, though significant advances were made
   
   
   View Answer

   Option B
   Explanation: Option B) matches with the next line after the blank, i.e. BSR association was formed as an expert association in CSR.
3. Organizations that operate in multiple countries must decide how much to localize their organizational culture and related management practices to fit within the host country context and how much to, instead, strive to maintain consistency or standardization. The environment for organizations can differ across countries in a variety of dimensions, including regulations, institutions, centrality of markets, collective bargaining, labour force characteristics and culture. (____________________________________). Empirically, this would translate into significantly greater between-country variance than within-country variance when observing organizations.
   
   A) This re-analysis casts doubt on the argument that organizational differences in culture are as constrained as is believed.
   
   B) Management theory recognizes that organizations face pressures to be similar to other organizations as well as opportunities to be different from other organizations.
   
   C) To the degree that country differences are significant and impose constraints on what organizations can and cannot do, one would expect greater localization
   
   D) Over time, institutional influences, whether industry specific or country specific, are expected to create a significant degree of similarity (or conformity) in structures and practices across organizations.
   
   E) The process common to these perspectives is that the environment constrains firm agency or discretion, which is observed as reduced variance in firm practices or attributes.
   
   
   View Answer

   Option C
   Explanation: C) is on the same theme as the passage i.e. difference in culture that a company has in different countries.
4. (______________________________). The extent to which an employer may legitimately respond to what it determines is inappropriate behavior between employees in terms of interpersonal relationships is really dependent upon the employer’s policy. The answer, at least in the area of employment law, is that while an employer should not necessarily try to limit any and all on- or off-duty contact or relationships between employees, it may certainly impose reasonable limits on any such relationships or conduct when the conduct threatens work relationships, jeopardizes work flow, or harms the employer’s reputation among its customers or in the community at large.
   
   A) Friendships and social contacts between employees are not a matter of concern as long as they are consistent with the guidelines.
   
   B) No employee may use company equipment or facilities for furtherance of non-work-related activities or relationships without the express advance permission of management.
   
   C) All employees, especially managers, are reminded that the qualities of good judgment, discretion, and compliance with guidelines are all taken into account when considering future advancement opportunities and salary increases.
   
   D) The employees involved will be given the opportunity to choose which of them will be reassigned to an alternative position where favoritism or special treatment will not be an issue.
   
   E) Many employers are concerned about inappropriate relationships within a company’s workforce
   
   
   View Answer

   Option E
   Explanation: The passage is about relationships between employees.
5. Advertisements depicting consumer behaviors that are widely regarded as risky or unhealthy typically use favorable stereotypes to imply that those who engage in such behaviors are attractive, successful, and healthy. (_________________________). Adolescents’ recognition of tobacco advertisements has been correlated with tobacco use, suggesting that tobacco advertising may contribute tothe maintenance of tobacco habits. Furthermore, tobacco advertising may provide positive reinforcement of peer and parental tobacco use.
   
   A) Parental modeling and reinforcement effects related to tobacco use and alcohol consumption support this assertion
   
   B) Mere exposure effects suggest that such stereotypes enhance the appeal of smoking to many adolescents and contribute positively to their initiation and use of cigarettes
   
   C) For instance, parental control over adolescent exposure to advertised media should preempt children’s susceptibility to advertising’s influence.
   
   D) Because adolescence is a time of especially high motivation to conform to social norms, peers can create the perception that risk behavior increases social acceptance
   
   E) However, in situations where individuals have a perceived or real lack of control over behavior, internal cognitive processes may preempt external influences
   
   
   View Answer

   Option B

Direction (6-10): In each question below there are four statements. Each statement has pairs of words/phrases that are highlighted. From the highlighted word(s)/phrase(s), select the most appropriate word(s)/phrase(s) to form correct sentences. Then choose the best option.

6. (i) She found her grandfather hail [A]/hale [B] and hearty, walking five miles each day before breakfast.
   (ii) The kids eagerly [A]/ enormously [B] packed their bags for their trip to Disneyland.
   (iii) The children gasped [A]/ grasped [B] in fright when the monster appeared on stage.
   (iv) Do you believe you can altar [A]/alter [B] your mood by listening to certain types of music?
   
   A) BAAA
   B) BBAA
   C) BAAB
   D) ABAB
   E) AABB
   
   View Answer

   Option C
   Explanation: hail- a shout or call used to attract attention. ; hale- strong and healthy
   gasp- catch one’s breath with an open mouth, owing to pain or astonishment.; grasp- hold firmly.
   alter- to change in some way; altar- Altar is a noun meaning an elevated place or structure for religious rites
   
7. (i) The pipe beneath [A]/ behind [B] the kitchen sink is leaking.
   (ii) Strolling along [A]/ with [B] the garden path, we admired the flowers and butterflies.
   (iii) Covered in mosquito bites, the campers fly [A]/fled [B] to their tents.
   (iv) Her interest in gardening developed [A]/ devoted [B] over time.
   
   A) ABBA
   B) BABA
   C) BBAA
   D) BBBA
   E) AABA
   
   View Answer

   Option E
   Explanation: beneath- extending or directly underneath; behind- at or to the far side of (something), typically so as to be hidden by it.
8. (i) The campers made it safely to the nearby river before the forest fire flames could envelope [A]/envelop [B] them
   (ii) The impulsion of economic globalization comes from the immanent [A]/ imminent [B] logic of market order.
   (iii) Dehydration will ensue [A]/ ensure [B] when the body is unable to obtain enough water to maintain its biological functions.
   (iv) He could look sterner than his equitable [A]/ equable [B] temperament would suggest.
   
   A) AABB
   B) ABAA
   C) AAAB
   D) ABBA
   E) BAAB
   
   View Answer

   Option C
   Explanation: envelop- is to wrap up, cover, or surround completely.; envelope- is a flat paper container, as for a letter or thin package, usually having a gummed flap or other means of closure.
   immanent- existing or operating within; inherent. ; imminent- about to happen
   ensue- to occur as a part of something or after something; ensure- make certain that (something) will occur or be the case.
   equable- not easily disturbed or angered; calm and even-tempered.; fair and impartial. –
9. (i) He made it known to his friends that he was loath [A]/ loathe [B] to run for the election.
   (ii) The slave’s epitaph [A]/ epithet [B] stated his name but made no mention of his date of birth or death.
   (iii) I cannot believe Akshay has a crush on me because he has never shown any covert [A]/overt [B] interest.
   (iv) To properly cook the rice, peruse [A]/ pursue [B] the cooking directions on the box.
   
   A) AABA
   B) AABB
   C) ABAB
   D) BABA
   E) BBAA
   
   View Answer

   Option A
   Explanation: loath- reluctant; unwilling.; loathe- feel intense dislike or disgust for.
   epitaph- a phrase or form of words written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone. ; epithet- an adjective or phrase expressing a quality or attribute regarded as characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.
   overt- done or shown openly; covert- not openly acknowledged or displayed.
   peruse- to read or examine carefully; pursue- follow or chase (someone or something).
10. (i) He knows intuitively [A]/ intactly[B] how to calm me.
    (ii) An excessive intake [A]/ infuse [B] of alcohol can cause a variety of health problems.
    (iii) Someone once said that people remain in love as long as they remain intrigued [A]/ invested [B]with one another.
    (iv) When the reactor leaked the deadly chemicals, it destroyed the surrounding countryside and made the area desolate [A]/ isolate [B] for over fifty miles.
    
    A) AAAB
    B) ABAB
    C) ABAA
    D) AAAA
    E) BAAB
    
    View Answer

    Option D
    Explanation: intuitively- without conscious reasoning; instinctively.
    intrigued- arouse the curiosity or interest of; fascinate.
    desolate(adjective)- uninhabited and giving an impression of bleak emptiness.; isolate (verb)- to be or remain alone or apart from others.

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